Space Weather & Telecommunications

Preface 1: Introduction 1.1 Summary 1.2 Definition of Space Weather 1.3 An Historical Perspective 1.4 The Advent of Space Weather Programs 1.5 Categories of Radio Systems 1.6 Other Influences on Systems 1.7 Space Weather Data Utilization 1.8 Conclusions 1.9 References 1.10 Bibliography 2: The Origins Of Space Weather 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Sun and its Influence 2.3 Magnetosphere and Geomagnetic Storms 2.4 Motivation for Space Weather Observations 2.5 References 3: The Ionosphere 3.1 Introduction 3.2 General Properties of the Ionosphere 3.3 Equilibrium Processes 3.4 Description of the Ionospheric Layers 3.5 Diurnal Behavior of the Ionospheric Layers 3.6 Long-Term Solar Activity Dependence 3.7 Sporadic-E 3.8 The High Latitude Ionosphere 3.9 Ionospheric Response to Solar Flares 3.10 The Ionospheric Storm 3.11 Ionospheric Current Systems 3.12 Ionospheric Models 3.13 Ionospheric Predictions 3.14 Science Issues and Challenges 3.15 References 4: Telecommunication Systems 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Outline of Ionospheric Effects 4.3 Terrestrial Telecommunications 4.4 Earth-Space Telecommunications 4.5 Space Weather Support for Systems 4.6 References 5: Prediction Services and Systems 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Requirements 5.3 Elements of the Prediction Process 5.4 Organizational Approaches 5.5 Commercial Forecasting Services 5.6 Systems for Forecasting 5.7 Concluding Remark 5.8 References 6: Research Activities and Programs 6.1 Introduction 6.2 National Space Weather Program 6.3 Living with a Star 6.4 Data Assimilation and Transfer 6.5 Military Space Weather Involvement 6.6 International Initiatives 6.7 Scientific and Professional Organizations 6.8 Research Programs and Activities 6.9 Agencies Institutions and Companies 6.10 Comment on Internet Resources 6.11 References 7: Epilogue - Featuring an interview with the Director of SEC Acronyms And Terms Index About the Author